Regulation of trehalose mobilization in fungi.

INTRODUCTION............................................................... 42 TREHALOSE ...................... . .. .... .... .... .. . .. ............. 42 Occurrence in Fungi............................................................... 42 Accumulation and Mobilization in the Life Cycle .......................................................... 42 Function of Trehalose ............................................................... 43 TREHALASE ............................................................... 44 Nonregulatory and Regulatory Trehalases............................................................... 44 Activity During the Life Cycle ........................................................ 45 Nonregulatory trehalases ............................................................... 45 In vivo activation of regulatory trehalases ................................. .............................. 46 SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION OF TREHALOSE AND TREHALASE ............. ....................... 47 REGULATION OF TREHALOSE MOBILIZATION ............................................................... 47 Regulation of Trehalase at the Transcriptional Level............................................................... 47 Compartmentation of Trehalose and Nonregulatory Trehalases .................................................. 48 cAMP-Induced Phosphorylation of Regulatory Trehalases ........................................................ 49 The glucose-induced, cAMP-dependent phosphorylation cascade.............................................. 49 Cellular cAMP levels and the basal activity of regulatory trehalase ..........................04009000069 51 Activation of regulatory trehalase by nitrogen sources in the presence of glucose 51 Activation of regulatory trehalase in fungal spores by heat shock ................. ............................... 52 Activation of regulatory trehalase and the induction of fungal spore germination ..............o ........... 52 Other Mechanisms...................................... . ..................... 53 CONCLUSIONS. ......................... ..................................... 54 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................... 54 LITERATURE CITED ............................................................... 54